Text, context and interpretation

At God's right hand: king and priest

Royal and messianic interpretation

The earlier passage

Psalm 110:1-7 →

1 Yahweh says to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool for your feet.”

2 Yahweh will send out the rod of your strength out of Zion. Rule among your enemies.

3 Your people offer themselves willingly in the day of your power, in holy array. Out of the womb of the morning, you have the dew of your youth.

Read the full passage (7 verses)

1 Yahweh says to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool for your feet.”

2 Yahweh will send out the rod of your strength out of Zion. Rule among your enemies.

3 Your people offer themselves willingly in the day of your power, in holy array. Out of the womb of the morning, you have the dew of your youth.

4 Yahweh has sworn, and will not change his mind: “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”

5 The Lord is at your right hand. He will crush kings in the day of his wrath.

6 He will judge among the nations. He will heap up dead bodies. He will crush the ruler of the whole earth.

7 He will drink of the brook on the way; therefore he will lift up his head.

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The New Testament use

Mark 12:35-37 →

35 Jesus responded, as he taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David?

36 For David himself said in the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.” ’

37 Therefore David himself calls him Lord, so how can he be his son?” The common people heard him gladly.

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Hebrews 7:11-28 →

11 Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people have received the law), what further need was there for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, and not be called after the order of Aaron?

12 For the priesthood being changed, there is of necessity a change made also in the law.

13 For he of whom these things are said belongs to another tribe, from which no one has officiated at the altar.

Read the full passage (18 verses)

11 Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people have received the law), what further need was there for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, and not be called after the order of Aaron?

12 For the priesthood being changed, there is of necessity a change made also in the law.

13 For he of whom these things are said belongs to another tribe, from which no one has officiated at the altar.

14 For it is evident that our Lord has sprung out of Judah, about which tribe Moses spoke nothing concerning priesthood.

15 This is yet more abundantly evident, if after the likeness of Melchizedek there arises another priest,

16 who has been made, not after the law of a fleshly commandment, but after the power of an endless life;

17 for it is testified, “You are a priest forever, according to the order of Melchizedek.”

18 For there is an annulling of a foregoing commandment because of its weakness and uselessness

19 (for the law made nothing perfect), and a bringing in of a better hope, through which we draw near to God.

20 Inasmuch as he was not made priest without the taking of an oath

21 (for they indeed have been made priests without an oath), but he with an oath by him that says of him, “The Lord swore and will not change his mind, ‘You are a priest forever, according to the order of Melchizedek.’ ”

22 By so much, Jesus has become the collateral of a better covenant.

23 Many, indeed, have been made priests, because they are hindered from continuing by death.

24 But he, because he lives forever, has his priesthood unchangeable.

25 Therefore he is also able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, seeing that he lives forever to make intercession for them.

26 For such a high priest was fitting for us: holy, guiltless, undefiled, separated from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;

27 who doesn’t need, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices daily, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people. For he did this once for all, when he offered up himself.

28 For the law appoints men as high priests who have weakness, but the word of the oath which came after the law appoints a Son forever who has been perfected.

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World English Bible. Longer passages show their opening verses first; expand them or follow the chapter links. Commentary below is separate from Scripture. Verse numbering can differ between translations.

Original context

Psalm 110 addresses a royal figure, describes a place of honour at God's right hand and includes priestly language associated with Melchizedek. Its imagery combines rule, divine support and conflict.

How the New Testament uses it

Mark 12 presents Jesus asking how David's lord can also be David's son. Hebrews develops the psalm's priestly declaration to explain Jesus' priesthood, including why descent from Judah does not prevent that role.

The Christian understanding

The psalm supports Christian accounts of Jesus' exaltation and enduring priestly mediation. These are distinct uses of different portions of the same poem.

Other readings and questions

The language can first be examined as ancient royal and priestly imagery. Moving from that setting to an eternal priest identified as Jesus is the interpretive work visible in Hebrews.

What the connection can establish

The image of the right hand conveys authority and honour. A later doctrine should not be treated as fully established by that image alone, without examining how the New Testament argument connects its premises.

Sources and further reading

The Scripture passages above are the primary texts for this comparison. Interpretive explanations are editorial synthesis. Named commentaries represent their authors or traditions, not every reader.

Checked 20 October 2026. Scripture source record · Corrections

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